Is Time Reversible? Plus, New Long-Range LiDAR and Ukraine's Critical Role

The Point by Modern Sciences - July 2, 2025 (A)

Author

Don Smith
July 02, 2025

By The Modern Sciences Team

July 2, 2025

Welcome to July, Cultivators of Curiosity!


Welcome to the 26th volume of The Point by Modern Sciences! Here, we're exploring how science is redefining the very boundaries of our world—from the fabric of spacetime to the limits of our vision. We begin with a mind-bending proposition from quantum physics that could change our most fundamental understanding of reality: what if time doesn’t just move forward?


Then, we shift from the theoretical to the tangible with a breakthrough LiDAR system capable of capturing stunningly detailed 3D images from a kilometer away, technology poised to transform surveillance and exploration. Finally, we ground ourselves in the Earth’s crust, as a geologist explains the vast mineral wealth hidden beneath Ukraine and why it’s become a critical factor in the global push for clean energy. These stories showcase the power of science to challenge our perceptions and shape our future. We invite you to dive in.


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MATH AND THE SCIENCES

Study Suggests Time May Not Be Fixed, Could Flow in Both Directions

Researchers at the University of Surrey have made a stunning discovery about the nature of time. Their new study suggests that time, long thought to be a one-way street, may actually flow in both directions due to quantum-level processes. This discovery challenges our fundamental understanding of the universe and could reshape multiple fields of physics.



The Point:

  • Rethinking Time's Flow: Researchers at the University of Surrey have proposed that time might not always move forward but could theoretically flow in both directions under certain quantum conditions.

  • Quantum-Level Insights: By studying open quantum systems, the team found that the perceived one-way flow of time may be influenced by how energy and information dissipate into the environment.

  • Implications for Physics: This discovery challenges long-held assumptions about time's arrow and could reshape quantum mechanics, cosmology, and thermodynamics research.


ENGINEERING

New LiDAR System Captures High-Resolution 3D Images from 1 Kilometer Away

Scientists have developed a revolutionary LiDAR system that captures high-resolution 3D images from a distance of up to a kilometer. Using an eye-safe laser and a highly sensitive single-photon detector, this cutting-edge technology can see through obstacles like foliage, fog, or camouflage with millimeter precision. The breakthrough promises to significantly advance applications in surveillance, search and rescue, and even space exploration.



The Point:

  • Breakthrough in Long-Range LiDAR Imaging: Scientists have developed a LiDAR system that captures high-resolution 3D images from up to 1 kilometer away, using a single-photon time-of-flight technique to measure distances with remarkable precision.

  • Advanced Detection with Single-Photon Sensitivity: The system utilizes a superconducting nanowire single-photon detector (SNSPD) and ultra-precise timing technology, allowing it to resolve features as small as 1 millimeter, even through obstacles like foliage or camouflage.

  • Expanding Applications for the Future: Tested at distances up to 325 meters, the system has demonstrated its ability to distinguish objects in cluttered environments. Researchers aim to extend its range to 10 kilometers for applications in surveillance, search-and-rescue, and space exploration.


EARTH

What’s so special about Ukraine’s minerals? A geologist explains

Beneath its surface, Ukraine holds a wealth of minerals, including lithium and titanium, which are crucial for the global green energy transition. This immense potential has sparked a geopolitical race for resources, with the U.S. seeking a strategic deal to access these deposits, diversify critical supply chains, and gain an advantage over global rivals.



The Point:

  • Ukraine’s Strategic Mineral Wealth: Ukraine sits atop the “Ukrainian Shield,” a geological formation rich in critical minerals like lithium, graphite, manganese, titanium, and rare earth elements. These resources are essential for modern industries, particularly in energy storage and the green transition.

  • Global Demand and Geopolitical Interests: With the demand for lithium and other battery metals expected to surge, Ukraine's mineral wealth has drawn international attention. The U.S. sees Ukraine as a key alternative to Chinese mineral dominance and has proposed a deal to access these resources in exchange for investment in Ukraine’s post-war recovery.

  • Future Role in the Clean Energy Economy: Despite the disruption caused by war, Ukraine has the potential to become a leading supplier of critical minerals. Once stability returns, it could reshape global supply chains.