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Simplifying π, Elephant Trunks in Robotics, and the Science of Dragonfire
The Point by Modern Sciences - August 22, 2024
Don Smith
August 22, 2024
In partnership with
By The Modern Sciences Team | August 22, 2024 |
Hello Cultivators of Curiosity,
Welcome to the 13th edition of The Point by Modern Sciences, where we continue pushing the boundaries of understanding in mathematics and the natural world.
In this issue, we explore a revolutionary method that simplifies the computation of π, blending ancient techniques with modern quantum mechanics. We delve into the biomechanics of elephant trunks, uncovering their potential to revolutionize robotic design with their nuanced precision and strength. And for a touch of whimsy rooted in science, we consider the biological plausibility of fire-breathing dragons, examining how nature’s mechanisms could theoretically support such a mythical ability.
These articles expand our knowledge and challenge us to reimagine the possibilities of science and technology. Join us as we uncover the intricate connections between history, biology, and the realms of our imagination.
This file is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication.
MATH AND THE SCIENCES
Breakthrough Discovery Reveals Simplified Method for Extracting π
Researchers have discovered a new series representation for the irrational number π by studying string theory and high-energy particle quantum scattering. The new formula resembles the π representation proposed by the 15th-century Indian mathematician Sangamagrama Madhava, now refined using modern physics and mathematics. Read more.
Top points:
Groundbreaking Discovery in π Calculation: Researchers at the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) have developed a new series representation for the irrational number π, simplifying complex calculations related to quantum scattering of high-energy particles.
Historical and Modern Integration: The authors’ new formula builds on the 15th-century series proposed by Indian mathematician Sangamagrama Madhava, refined through modern physics and mathematics.
Innovative Mathematical Tools: Using the Euler-Beta Function and Feynman Diagrams, the team created an efficient model for particle interactions, enhancing quantum process understanding and offering a more effective method to compute π.
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LISTS
For the Love of Science: Ten Must-Reads for Science Enthusiasts
Finding the right book can be a gateway to deeper understanding and exploration of various scientific fields without resorting to hours of review material and Wikipedia deep-dives. Whatever your inclinations regarding scientific fields, books offer a broad range of insights that can apply to readers of all ages and scientific expertise. They delve into profound questions and provide answers anyone can understand and appreciate. Take a look at our curated list here.
NATURE
Elephants use the tips of their trunks to grasp things with great precision – how this can help robotic design
The elephant's trunk serves multiple purposes, such as eating, drinking, social interactions, and tool manipulation. It uses its six muscle groups with great strength and precision. Read more.
Crucial takeaways:
Pinching Force of Elephant Trunk Tip: Research reveals that the tip of an African savannah elephant's trunk exerts a maximum pinch force of 86.4 Newton, enabling precise grasping of small objects. This finding is pivotal for advancing soft robotics and enhancing the design of flexible grippers inspired by biological tissue.
Bio-Inspired Robotics: Insights into the elephant trunk's pinching capabilities inspire advancements in soft robotics, particularly in designing grippers that can handle delicate objects with adaptability in cluttered environments. Applications range from minimally invasive surgeries to industrial handling and agricultural harvesting.
Conservation and Behavioral Insights: Studying trunk grasping techniques also sheds light on how elephants adapt to varying habitats, aiding conservation efforts by predicting the impacts of climate change on their feeding behaviors and habitat preferences.
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NATURE
House of the Dragon: if dragons were real, how might fire-breathing work?
The depiction of dragons breathing fire in Game of Thrones and House of the Dragon sparks scientific curiosity about possible real-world biological mechanisms; to create fire, fuel, an oxidizing agent, and a heat source are needed. Methane, ethanol, and oil-based substances are explored as potential fuels, each with storage and biological feasibility issues. Read more.
Key observations:
Biological Mechanisms of Dragonfire: Exploring the fantasy of dragons breathing fire in Game of Thrones, the concept of using methane, ethanol, or oil-based fuels is discussed. While methane production akin to cows is considered, practical challenges such as methane storage in biological systems are highlighted.
Alternative Fuel Options: Ethanol emerges as a potential fuel due to its production in low-oxygen environments, akin to the Devil’s Hole pupfish. However, the challenge remains in maintaining high concentrations for ignition on command, requiring fantastical biological adaptations.
Oxidizing Agent and Ignition: Drawing parallels with the bombardier beetle's hydrogen peroxide-based defense mechanism, dragons could hypothetically use a similar setup to generate oxygen and heat for igniting pressurized oil. A biological electric organ akin to electric eels could provide the spark needed to unleash fiery breath.